Abstract: The dynamic wireless charging (DWC) system based on wireless charging lanes (WCLs) is an important component of smart cities, allowing electric vehicles (EVs) to charge while moving. It is ...

Abstract: Efficient routing is a critical challenge in Internet of Things (IoT) networks due to the vast number of interconnected devices. This paper presents a hybrid approach that combines Particle ...

If you are planning a trip through several cities and want to find the shortest route, you resort to algorithms, a well-defined sequence of deterministic operations. This article accompanies the ...

In this tutorial, we use GlowScript VPython to build a dipole electric field simulation step by step. Learn how to model charges, compute field vectors, and create an interactive visualization that ...

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Learn how gradient descent really works by building it step by step in Python. No libraries, no shortcuts—just pure math and code made simple.